How California’s Private Attorney Generals Act (PAGA) Allows for More Effective Enforcement of Important Employment Laws

California employers who commit systemic violations of labor laws often escape accountability because individual employees may not find it worthwhile to pursue claims. The damages suffered by each employee are often small, and the legal hurdles for a single claim can feel insurmountable. To address this imbalance, California enacted the Private Attorneys General Act (PAGA). This law empowers aggrieved employees to file lawsuits on behalf of themselves and others who have faced similar labor violations. PAGA ensures that even relatively minor infractions can be pursued collectively, discouraging employers from cutting corners on compliance.

Through PAGA, employees act as representatives of the state to enforce labor codes. When they succeed, the penalties imposed on the employer are divided—25% goes to the affected employees, and the remaining 75% is directed to the California Labor and Workforce Development Agency (LWDA). This structure incentivizes employees to take action while also strengthening the state’s ability to ensure compliance with labor laws.

How Courts Deal with PAGA

A recent case highlights the importance of PAGA in addressing systemic workplace violations. An employee filed claims in federal court under California’s labor code and PAGA, alleging that his employers failed to meet wage and hour requirements. The PAGA claim alleged that violations extended beyond the plaintiff, affecting other employees similarly situated. Recognizing the collective nature of the grievances, the court allowed the case to proceed, emphasizing PAGA’s unique role in addressing systemic labor law violations without requiring a more complex class-action lawsuit.

The facts of the case are straightforward yet impactful. The plaintiff, employed by multiple entities under the same management structure, experienced violations including improper wage statements and failure to provide adequate breaks. He sought remedies under California’s labor laws and utilized PAGA to address the broader implications of these violations for other employees. PAGA allowed him to pursue civil penalties that would benefit all aggrieved employees, not just himself. By invoking PAGA, the plaintiff transformed what might have been a limited individual claim into a broader effort to enforce compliance for all similarly affected workers.

The Appellate Decision

On appeal, the court focused on whether the employee could pursue a PAGA claim in federal court. The appellate court accepted the plaintiff’s arguments, affirming PAGA’s role in addressing collective grievances. The decision ensures that the case will continue in federal court, potentially resulting in significant penalties for the employer. If the PAGA claim succeeds, the plaintiff could receive 25% of the penalties, providing tangible recognition for his efforts to address systemic violations.

PAGA claims are not without challenges. Procedural requirements are rigorous, and plaintiffs must navigate the interplay between state and federal laws. For instance, claimants must first notify the LWDA and the employer, detailing the alleged violations, and wait 65 days for the agency’s response before proceeding. Determining whether a PAGA claim is valid requires a thorough understanding of California labor laws, including which violations qualify for penalties and how to demonstrate systemic patterns of misconduct.

For employees considering a PAGA claim, working with skilled legal counsel is critical. An experienced California employment lawyer can evaluate whether a PAGA claim is appropriate, ensure compliance with procedural requirements, and present a compelling case in court. With the right representation, employees can leverage PAGA to not only address their grievances but also drive broader change in workplace practices.

Contact Hardin Law Group with Your Employment Case

If you believe your employer has violated California labor laws, the Hardin Law Group is here to help. Our experienced team understands the complexities of PAGA claims and can guide you through the process from start to finish. If you’ve been personally affected or suspect broader wrongdoing, a PAGA claim may provide an opportunity to achieve justice for yourself and others. You may be entitled to more than you realize. Contact us today for a free consultation. We’ll assess your case, explain your options, and help you decide the best course of action. The Hardin Law Group is committed to protecting employees’ rights and holding employers accountable. Reach out at (949) 337-4810, and let us fight for the justice you deserve.